2023年12月2日雅思考试题-阅读详解

本文主要为大家介绍2023年12月2日雅思阅读考试题目及答案，希望对大家的雅思备考有所帮助！

2023年12月2日雅思阅读考试题

一、 考试概述：

本场考试三篇，两新一旧，难度中规中矩。第一篇物品发展史，讨论土豆的发展，难度不算高；第二篇讨论冰川作为水源的可能性，难度中规中矩；第三篇承担风险，句子配对里的人名很显眼，可以快速定位，段落信息配对难度偏高。

二、具体题目分析：

Passage One：

 文章题材：说明文（物品发展史）

 文章题目：土豆的影响

 文章难度：★★★

 题型及数量：判断正误+填空

 题目及答案：

The Impact of the Potato

Jeff Chapman relates the story of history the most important vegetable

A The potato was first cultivated in South America between three and seven thousand years ago, though scientists believe they may have grown wild in the region as long as 13,000 years ago. The genetic patterns of potato distribution indicate that the potato probably originated in the mountainous west-central region of the continent.

B Early Spanish chroniclers who misused the Indian word batata (sweet potato) as the name for the potato noted the importance of the tuber to the Incan Empire. The Incas had learned to preserve the potato for storage by dehydrating and mashing potatoes into a substance called Chuchu could be stored in a room for up to 10 years, providing excellent insurance against possible crop failures. As well as using the food as a staple crop, the Incas thought potatoes made childbirth easier and used it to treat injuries.

C The Spanish conquistadors first encountered the potato when they arrived in Peru in 1532 in search of gold, and noted Inca miners eating chuchu. At the time the Spaniards failed to realize that the potato represented a far more important treasure than either silver or gold, but they did gradually begin to use potatoes as basic rations aboard their ships. After the arrival of the potato in Spain in 1570，a few Spanish farmers began to cultivate them on a small scale, mostly as food for livestock.

D Throughout Europe, potatoes were regarded with suspicion, distaste and fear. Generally considered to be unfit for human consumption, they were used only as animal fodder and sustenance for the starving. In northern Europe, potatoes were primarily grown in botanical gardens as an exotic novelty. Even peasants refused to eat from a plant that produced ugly, misshapen tubers and that had come from a heathen civilization. Some felt that the potato plant's resemblance to plants in the nightshade family hinted that it was the creation of witches or devils.

E In meat-loving England, farmers and urban workers regarded potatoes with extreme distaste. In 1662, the Royal Society recommended the cultivation of the tuber to the English government and the nation, but this recommendation had little impact. Potatoes did not become a staple until, during the food shortages associated with the Revolutionary Wars, the English government began to officially encourage potato cultivation. In 1795, the Board of Agriculture issued a pamphlet entitled “Hints Respecting the Culture and Use of Potatoes”； this was followed shortly by pro-potato editorials and potato recipes in The Times. Gradually, the lower classes began to follow the lead of the upper classes.

F A similar pattern emerged across the English Channel in the Netherlands, Belgium and France. While the potato slowly gained ground in eastern France (where it was often the only crop remaining after marauding soldiers plundered wheat fields and vineyards), it did not achieve widespread acceptance until the late 1700s. The peasants remained suspicious, in spite of a 1771 paper from the Facult de Paris testifying that the potato was not harmful but beneficial. The people began to overcome their distaste when the plant received the royal seal of approval: Louis XVI began to sport a potato flower in his buttonhole, and Marie-Antoinette wore the purple potato blossom in her hair.

G Frederick the Great of Prussia saw the potato's potential to help feed his nation and lower the price of bread, but faced the challenge of overcoming the people's prejudice against the plant. When he issued a 1774 order for his subjects to grow potatoes as protection against famine, the town of Kolberg replied: “The things have neither smell nor taste, not even the dogs will eat them, so what use are they to us?” Trying a less direct approach to encourage his subjects to begin planting potatoes, Frederick used a bit of reverse psychology: he planted a royal field of potato plants and stationed a heavy guard to protect this field from thieves. Nearby peasants naturally assumed that anything worth guarding was worth stealing, and so snuck into the field and snatched the plants for their home gardens. Of course, this was entirely in line with Frederick's wishes.

H Historians debate whether the potato was primarily a cause or an effect of the huge population boom in industrial-era England and Wales. Prior to 1800，the English diet had consisted primarily of meat, supplemented by bread, butter and cheese. Few vegetables were consumed, most vegetables being regarded as nutritionally worthless and potentially harmful. This view began to change gradually in the late 1700s. The Industrial Revolution was drawing an ever increasing percentage of the populace into crowded cities, where only the richest could afford homes with ovens or coal storage rooms, and people were working 12-16 hour days which left them with little time or energy to prepare food. High yielding, easily prepared potato crops were the obvious solution to England's food problems.

I Whereas most of their neighbors regarded the potato with suspicion and had to be persuaded to use it by the upper classes, the Irish peasantry embraced the tuber more passionately than anyone since the Incas. The potato was well suited to the Irish the soil and climate, and its high yield suited the most important concern of most Irish farmers: to feed their families.

J The most dramatic example of the potato's potential to alter population patterns occurred in Ireland, where the potato had become a staple by 1800. The Irish population doubled to eight million between 1780 and 1841，this without any significant expansion of industry or reform of agricultural techniques beyond the widespread cultivation of the potato. Though Irish landholding practices were primitive in comparison with those of England, the potato's high yields allowed even the poorest farmers to produce more healthy food than they needed with scarcely any investment or hard labor. Even children could easily plant, harvest and cook potatoes, which of course required no threshing, curing or grinding. The abundance provided by potatoes greatly decreased infant mortality and encouraged early marriage.

本文文章和真题一致，但是题目不一致，就不放出干扰各位备考的同学了，大家注意精读文章即可~

可参考真题：剑桥15——TEST1 Passage1 Nutmeg - a Valuable Spice

Passage Two：

 文章题材：说明文（环境）

 文章题目：冰川作为水资源

 文章难度：★★★★

 题型及数量：填空+判断+单选

 题目及答案：待补充

可参考真题：剑桥13——TEST2 Passage2 Oxytocin

 Passage Three：

 文章题材：议论文（心理学）

 文章题目：承担风险

 文章难度：★★★★

 题型及数量：句子配对+段落信息配对+单选

 题目及答案：待补充

可参考真题：OG——TEST1 Passage3 Is Photography Art?

话题词：

每期10个提分词汇

1．chain 链子；连锁

2．decent 相当好的

3．declare 宣布

4．embarrass 使尴尬

5．emerge 出现

6．embrace 采纳，接受

7．familiar 熟悉的

8．fan 电扇；狂热者

9．handicapped 有生理缺陷的

10．handle 处理

同义替换词：

每期10组经典雅思阅读经典同义替换积累

1．deceive - fool 欺骗

2．illustration - example 阐释的例子

3．imitate - copy - reproduce 效仿

4．manual - handbook 手册

5．personnel - staff 职员

6．persuade - convince 说服

7．revenue - income 收入

8．reverse - overturn 相反的情况

9．significant - important 重要的

10． simulate - imitate 模拟