雅思备考规划
扫码添加助教免费咨询雅思备考规划
扫码关注回复雅思获取最新雅思口语题库和备考资料
新东方在线雅思网特为大家准备了雅思阅读模拟练习题:段落标题题(14)。雅思模拟试题在雅思备考过程中所起的作用不可小觑,通过模拟练习题,我们可以很直接地了解到自己的备考状况,从而可以更有针对性地进行之后的复习。希望以下内容能够对大家的雅思备考有所帮助!更多雅思报名官网的最新消息,最新、最专业的雅思备考资料,新东方在线雅思网将第一时间为大家发布。
THE LITTLE ICE AGE
A
This book will provide a detailed examination of the Little Ice Age and other climatic shifts, but, before I embark on that, let me provide a historical context. We tend to think of climate - as opposed to weather - as something unchanging, yet humanity has been at the mercy of climate change for its entire existence, with at least eight glacial episodes in the past 730,000 years. Our ancestors adapted to the universal but irregular global warming since the end of the last great Ice Age, around 10,000 years ago, with dazzling opportunism. They developed strategies for surviving harsh drought cycles, decades of heavy rainfall or unaccustomed cold; adopted agriculture and stock-raising, which revolutionised human life; and founded the world's first pre-industrial civilisations in Egypt, Mesopotamia and the Americas. But the price of sudden climate change, in famine, disease and suffering, was often high.
B
The Little Ice Age lasted from roughly 1300 until the middle of the nineteenth century. Only two centuries ago, Europe experienced a cycle of bitterly cold winters; mountain glaciers in the Swiss Alps were the lowest in recorded memory, and pack ice surrounded Iceland for much of the year. The climatic events of the Little Ice Age did more than help shape the modern world. They are the deeply important context for the current unprecedented global warming. The Little Ice Age was far from a deep freeze, however; rather an irregular seesaw of rapid climatic shifts, few lasting more than a quarter-century, driven by complex and still little understood interactions between the atmosphere and the ocean. The seesaw brought cycles of intensely cold winters and easterly winds, then switched abruptly to years of heavy spring and early summer rains, mild winters, and frequent Atlantic storms, or to periods of droughts, light northeasterly winds, and summer heat waves.
C
Reconstructing the climate changes of the past is extremely difficult, because systematic weather observations began only a few centuries ago, in Europe and North America. Records from India and tropical Africa are even more recent. For the time before records began, we have only 'proxy records' reconstructed largely from tree rings and ice cores, supplemented by a few incomplete written accounts. We now have hundreds of tree-ring records from throughout the northern hemisphere, and many from south of the equator, too, amplified with a growing body of temperature data from ice cores drilled in Antarctica, Greenland, the Peruvian Andes, and other locations, we are close to a knowledge of annual summer and winter temperature variations over much of the northern hemisphere going back 600 years.
D
This book is a narrative history of climatic shifts during the past ten centuries, and some of the ways in which people in Europe adapted to them. Part One describes the Medieval Warm Period, roughly 900 to 1200. During these three centuries, Norse voyagers from Northern Europe explored northern seas, settled Greenland, and visited North America. It was not a time of uniform warmth, for then, as always since the Great Ice Age, there were constant shifts in rainfall and temperature. Mean European temperatures were about the same as today, perhaps slightly cooler.
E
It is known that the Little Ice Age cooling began in Greenland and the Arctic in about 1200. As the Arctic ice pack spread southward, Norse voyages to the west were rerouted into the open Atlantic, then ended altogether. Storminess increased in the North Atlantic and North Sea. Colder, much wetter weather descended on Europe between 1315 and 1319, when thousands perished in a continent-wide famine. By 1400, the weather had become decidedly more unpredictable and stormier, with sudden shifts and lower temperatures that culminated in the cold decades of the late sixteenth century. Fish were a vital commodity in growing towns and cities, where food supplies were a constant concern. Dried cod and herring were already the staples of the European fish trade, but changes in water temperatures forced fishing fleets to work further offshore. The Basques, Dutch, and English developed the first offshore fishing boats adapted to a colder and stormier Atlantic. A gradual agricultural revolution in northern Europe stemmed from concerns over food supplies at a time of rising populations. The revolution involved intensive commercial farming and the growing of animal fodder on land not previously used for crops. The increased productivity from farmland made some countries self-sufficient in grain and livestock and offered effective protection against famine.
F
Global temperatures began to rise slowly after 1850, with the beginning of the Modern Warm Period. There was a vast migration from Europe by land-hungry farmers and others, to which the famine caused by the Irish potato blight contributed, to North America, Australia, New Zealand, and southern Africa. Millions of hectares of forest and woodland fell before the newcomers' axes between 1850 and 1890, as intensive European farming methods expanded across the world. The unprecedented land clearance released vast quantities of carbon dioxide into the atmosphere, triggering for the first time humanly caused global warming. Temperatures climbed more rapidly in the twentieth century as the use of fossil fuels proliferated and greenhouse gas levels continued to soar. The rise has been even steeper since the early 1980s. The Little Ice Age has given way to a new climatic regime, marked by prolonged and steady warming. At the same time, extreme weather events like Category 5 hurricanes are becoming more frequent.
本文关键字: 雅思阅读模拟练习题:段落标题题(14)
资料下载
雅思写作高频词汇PDF下载
发布时间:2023-08-26添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【200】获取
590组雅思阅读写作必背短语PDF版下载
发布时间:2023-08-09添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【590】获取
雅思学术词汇搭配表PDF版下载
发布时间:2023-08-04添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【ACL】获取
雅思口语part3结构策略PDF版下载
发布时间:2023-08-04添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【Part3】获取
雅思听力高频场景词PDF版下载
发布时间:2023-08-09添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【高频词】获取
雅思口语Part2答案示范15篇PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-26添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【P2】获取
雅思小作文35组必备表达PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-26添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【35】获取
雅思阅读高频短语PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-20添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【短语】获取
200组雅思写作高频词汇PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-20添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【200】获取
雅思写作话题词汇PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-16添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【话题】获取
50组雅思口语同义替换词PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-10添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【替换】获取
雅思写作大作文精选题目101PDF下载
发布时间:2023-07-09添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【101】获取
雅思口语核心300词PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-23添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【300】获取
雅思阅读分类词汇PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-17添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【分类词】获取
雅思口语必备习语PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-17添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【习语】获取
雅思小作文常用词汇66词PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-16添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【66】获取
雅思口语常见功能结构109句PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-08添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【109】获取
10年雅思写作题库PDF下载
发布时间:2023-06-08添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【写作话题】获取
雅思图表作文精选套句50句PDF下载
发布时间:2023-05-28添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【50】获取
雅思写作99组高频词汇PDF资料
发布时间:2023-05-28添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【99】获取
2023年5月雅思口语新题题库PDF版本
发布时间:2023-05-14添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【新题】获取
2023年5-8月雅思口语新题题库与解析PDF版本
发布时间:2023-05-06关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【新题】获取
雅思听力考点词汇PDF资料
发布时间:2023-04-27添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【考点词】获取
雅思听力机经词汇PDF资料
发布时间:2023-04-24添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【TL】获取
雅思口语Part1常见话题语料库PDF资料
发布时间:2023-04-20添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【Part1】获取
剑桥雅思阅读长难句50句PDF资料
发布时间:2023-04-19添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【长难句】获取
雅思阅读核心学术词汇表PDF资料
发布时间:2023-04-07关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【核心】获取
100个雅思写作观点词和替换词表达PDF资料
发布时间:2023-03-24关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【100】获取
雅思阅读分类词汇PDF资料
发布时间:2023-03-22关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【分类词】获取
雅思阅读短语PDF资料
发布时间:2023-03-08关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【短语】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教,
回复【口语】获取雅思口语资料大礼包
推荐阅读
更多>>大家在备考雅思考试的过程中可以多做雅思模拟题,了解自己的雅思水平,分析自己的薄弱项,新东方在线雅思在本文为大家带来的是雅思阅读模拟题:Texting the Television,大家可以练习练习。
大家在备考雅思考试的过程中可以多做雅思模拟题,了解自己的雅思水平,分析自己的薄弱项,新东方在线雅思在本文为大家带来的是雅思阅读模拟题:Sand Dunes,大家可以练习练习。
大家在备考雅思考试的过程中可以多做雅思模拟题,了解自己的雅思水平,分析自己的薄弱项,新东方在线雅思在本文为大家带来的是雅思阅读模拟题:The Concept of Childhood in the Western Countries,大家可以练习练习。
大家在备考雅思考试的过程中可以多做雅思模拟题,了解自己的雅思水平,分析自己的薄弱项,新东方在线雅思在本文为大家带来的是雅思阅读模拟题:Robert Louis Stevenson,大家可以练习练习。
大家在备考雅思考试的过程中可以多做雅思模拟题,了解自己的雅思水平,分析自己的薄弱项,新东方在线雅思在本文为大家带来的是雅思阅读模拟题:Revolutions in Mapping,大家可以练习练习。
资料下载
更多>>添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【200】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【590】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【ACL】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【Part3】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【高频词】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【P2】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【35】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【短语】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【200】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【话题】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【替换】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【101】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【300】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【分类词】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【习语】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【66】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【109】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【写作话题】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【50】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【99】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【新题】获取
关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【新题】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【考点词】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【TL】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【Part1】获取
添加新东方在线雅思助教号
回复【长难句】获取
关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【核心】获取
关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【100】获取
关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【分类词】获取
关注新东方在线考雅课程中心服务号
回复【短语】获取
编辑推荐
雅思新题
阅读排行榜
相关内容