雅思写作：这样写开头稳妥拿高分

　　雅思写作：这样写开头稳妥拿高分

　　新东方在线雅思教研组陈蜀东

　　俗话说“一天之计在于晨，一年之计在于春”。雅思写作的开头段也有相同的道理，写好开头段对写作整体的得分有举足轻重的作用。下边新东方在线雅思教研组陈蜀东老师根据自己多年的教学经验，给出了写好雅思作文开头的几个简单方法：

　　很多国内的考生受到写中文作文或者传统英语教学的影响，写一篇文章的开头段时总是想要尽力抓住考官的眼球，不停地摆弄自己还不成熟的词汇和句型，结果非但没有得到想要的分数，反被考官倒打一耙。那么我们要如何在最短的时间内，以最简单以及最能得分的方式写出好的作文开头段呢?

　　其实我们可以把雅思写作题目中的提问方式分成四个大类：观点类(opinion essay)、讨论类(discussion essay)、优劣势类(advantage and disadvantage essay)和报告类(report)。每一种提问方式的题目都有自己不同的开头段写作方法。

　　Part 1 Opinion Essay

　　观察观点类题目的特征，我们不难发现，此类题型的特征是题目有且只有一个观点。而题目要求我们回答的是“同意”或“不同意”的观点。所以只要确定好自己的观点，开头段就可以写出来。 例如：

　　Some people believe that living in big cities is bad for health.

　　Do you agree or disagree?

　　如果，我们选择同意此观点，可以根据“背景句+直接转述题目+个人观点”的公式。

　　These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) But some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health. (直接转述题目) Personally, I agree with this idea. (个人观点)

　　如果选择不同意题目观点，则可以用“although”的让步状语从句进行改写，得到：

　　These days, it is quite common to see that a growing number of people choose to settle down in large cities. (背景句) Although some people argue that leading an urban life would produce negative influences on people’s health, (although +直接转述题目) personally, I do not agree with this idea. (个人观点)

　　Part 2 Discussion Essay

　　观察讨论类的题目，可以发现，这样的题目会有两个观点，并且题目要求“讨论双方观点”和“给出自己的观点”。这样的题目中，其实只用在开头段中写出背景句和转述双方观点就好了，至于个人的观点，可以放到personal idea的段落中。如：

　　Some people think citizens should be responsible for their own health costs. Others think it is better to have a health care system which provides free health services.

　　Discuss both these views and give your own opinion.

　　这个题目的开头段就可以写为：

　　People in some countries are paying an increasing amount of money for seeing a doctor, even for a minor illness. (背景句) But, still, some people assert that individuals themselves are supposed to pay for such fees. (一方观点) However, other people disagree and suggest that it is the government’s responsibility to undertake the health costs for its citizens. (另一方观点)

　　Part 3 Advantages & Disadvantage Essay

　　优劣势的题目，一般而言都会给出一个现象或者是趋势，这又刚好和我们开头段中的“背景句”吻合了，所以在优劣势文章的开头段的时候就没有必要再写背景句了，直接转述题目就可以了。但是要表达出自己的“优大于劣”或者“劣大于优”的观点，只需要用一句话就搞定了。如：

　　Shopping online is replacing shopping in stores.

　　Do the advantages outweigh its disadvantages?

　　开头段可以写为：

　　These days, it is common to see that people prefer choosing online shopping to shopping in physical stores. Although some problems would occur as this trend continues, I believe such development brings more benefits.

　　Part 4 Report

　　其实report最简单，因为通常题目和优劣势文章一样，会给出一个现象或趋势，所以开头段的组成部分就只有改写题目。如：

　　In many parts of the world, children and teenagers are committing more crimes.

　　Why is this happening?

　　What are the possible solutions to solve this problem?

　　开头段可以写为：

　　These days, it is common to see that the rate of youth crime has been increasing dramatically all over the globe and it is a most worrying issue of modern society.

　　以上就是雅思写作不同题型开头段的写法，希望能够帮助到“烤鸭”们。新东方在线致赢雅思教研组祝大家“屠鸭”顺利!(作者：新东方在线雅思教研组陈蜀东老师)