break
[NOUN, VERB]
breaks
1. [C 可数名词] 骨折
A break is an injury to the body when a bone cracks or splits.
双语例句
例：It has caused a bad break to Gabriella's leg.
这导致了加布里埃拉的一条腿严重骨折。
2. [C 可数名词] 结束 , （对困难或不快的情形的）打破
A break in a difficult or unpleasant situation is an end or change to it.
双语例句
例：Nothing that might lead to a break in the deadlock has been discussed yet.
任何可能促成僵局破除的举措尚未被讨论。
3. [C 可数名词] （对传统的）打破 , （对关系的）断绝
A break in a tradition is an end to that tradition. A break with a group of people is an end to your involvement with that group.
双语例句
例：Making a completely clean break with the past, the couple got rid of all their old furniture.
为了与过去断得一干二净,这对夫妻丢弃了他们所有的旧家具。
4. [C 可数名词] 短暂休息
A break is a short period of time when you have a rest or a change from what you are doing, especially if you are working or if you are in a boring or unpleasant situation.
双语例句
例：They may be able to help with childcare so that you can have a break.
他们或许能帮忙看孩子,这样你可以歇歇。
例：I thought a 15 minute break from his work would do him good.
我认为15分钟的工作休息对他会有好处。
5. [C 可数名词] 短假
A break is a short holiday.
双语例句
例：They are currently taking a short break in Spain.
他们目前在西班牙休短假。
6. [C 可数名词] 时来运转
A break is a lucky opportunity that someone gets to achieve something.
双语例句
例：Her first break came when she was chosen out of 100 guitarists auditioning for a spot on Michael Jackson's tour.
在有一百名吉他手参加的试奏中，她被挑选出来参加迈克尔·杰克逊的巡演，那是她第一次时来运转。
NOUN. 名词
break down
1. [PHRASAL 短语] （机器、车辆等）出故障
If a machine or a vehicle breaks down, it stops working.
双语例句
例：Their car broke down.
他们的车抛锚了。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] （讨论、关系）失败 , （系统）瘫痪
If a discussion, relationship, or system breaks down, it fails because of a problem or disagreement.
双语例句
例：Talks with business leaders broke down last night.
与商界领导人的谈判于昨晚失败了。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] （对观点、陈述等）分门别类
To break down something such as an idea or statement means to separate it into smaller parts in order to make it easier to understand or deal with.
双语例句
例：The report breaks down the results region by region.
该报告将结果按地区一一分类。
4. [PHRASAL 短语] 分解
When a substance breaks down or when something breaks it down, a biological or chemical process causes it to separate into the substances which make it up.
双语例句
例：Over time, the protein in the eggshell breaks down into its constituent amino acids.
随着时间的推移，蛋壳中的蛋白质分解成其构成成分--氨基酸。
5. [PHRASAL 短语] 失控痛哭
If someone breaks down, they lose control of themselves and start crying.
双语例句
例：Because he was being so kind and concerned, I broke down and cried.
因为他那时对我那般友善关心,我失控哭了起来。
6. [PHRASAL 短语] 砸倒（门、障碍物）
If you break down a door or barrier, you hit it so hard that it falls to the ground.
双语例句
例：An unruly mob broke down police barricades and stormed the courtroom.
一群无法无天的暴徒捣毁了警障冲进了法庭。
7. [PHRASAL 短语] 破除（障碍、偏见等）
To break down barriers or prejudices that separate people or restrict their freedom means to change people's attitudes so that the barriers or prejudices no longer exist.
双语例句
例：Women's sports are breaking down the barriers in previously male-dominated domains.
女子体育运动正在打破障碍进入一些先前由男子占主导地位的领域。
break in
1. [PHRASAL 短语] （常指盗贼）破门而入
If someone, usually a thief, breaks in, they get into a building by force.
双语例句
例：Masked robbers broke in and made off with $8,000.
蒙面盗贼们破门而入偷走了8000美元。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 打断（谈话、活动）
If you break in on someone's conversation or activity, you interrupt them.
近义词
butt in
双语例句
例：O'Leary broke in on his thoughts.
奥利里打断了他的思路。
例：Mrs Southern listened keenly, occasionally breaking in with pertinent questions.
萨瑟恩夫人兴致勃勃地听着,偶尔插入一个相关的问题。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] 使适应（新工作或新情况）
If you break someone in, you get them used to a new job or situation.
双语例句
例：The band is breaking in a new backing vocalist, who sounds great.
该乐队在让一名听上去很棒的新伴奏歌手融入到乐队中来。
4. [PHRASAL 短语] 磨合
If you break in something new, you gradually use or wear it for longer and longer periods until it is ready to be used or worn all the time.
双语例句
例：When breaking in an engine, you should refrain from high speeds for the first thousand miles.
磨合发动机时,你应当避免在最初的1千英里高速行驶。
break into
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 强行闯入
If someone breaks into a building, they get into it by force.
双语例句
例：There was no one nearby who might see him trying to break into the house.
当时附近没有人可能看见他试图闯进那所房子。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 突然开始（做某事）
If someone breaks into something they suddenly start doing it. For example, if someone breaks into a run they suddenly start running, and if they break into song they suddenly start singing.
双语例句
例：The moment she was out of sight she broke into a run.
她一走出视线就猛地跑起来。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] 成功打入（某行业、某领域）
If you break into a profession or area of business, especially one that is difficult to succeed in, you manage to have some success in it.
双语例句
例：She finally broke into films after an acclaimed stage career.
她在备受赞赏的舞台生涯后终于成功打入了电影界。
break off
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 脱落 , 用力移除
If part of something breaks off or if you break it off, it comes off or is removed by force.
双语例句
例：The two wings of the aircraft broke off on impact.
该飞机的两个机翼因受到撞击而脱落。
例：Grace broke off a large piece of the clay.
格雷斯使劲掰掉了一大块陶土。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 突然停止
If you break off when you are doing or saying something, you suddenly stop doing it or saying it.
双语例句
例：Barry broke off in mid-sentence.
巴里话说到一半突然停止了。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] 终止（关系）
If someone breaks off a relationship, they end it.
双语例句
例：The two West African states had broken off relations two years ago.
这两个西非国家两年前已中断了外交关系。
break out
1. [PHRASAL 短语] （战争、殴斗、疾病等）爆发
If something such as war, fighting, or disease breaks out, it begins suddenly.
双语例句
例：He was 29 when war broke out.
战争爆发时他29岁。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 逃出（监狱）
If a prisoner breaks out of a prison, they escape from it.
双语例句
例：The two men broke out of their cells and cut through a perimeter fence.
那两个男人逃出牢房并穿过了一道围墙。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] 摆脱（沉闷的处境、常规）
If you break out of a dull situation or routine, you manage to change it or escape from it.
双语例句
例：It's taken a long time to break out of my own conventional training.
摆脱我自己的传统训练花了很长一段时间。
4. [PHRASAL 短语] 出（疹子、汗）
If you break out in a rash or a sweat, a rash or sweat appears on your skin.
双语例句
例：A person who is allergic to cashews may break out in a rash when he consumes these nuts.
对腰果过敏的人吃了这些坚果可能会出疹子。
break through
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 冲破（障碍）
If you break through a barrier, you succeed in forcing your way through it.
双语例句
例：Protesters tried to break through a police cordon.
抗议者们试图冲破警察的封锁线。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] （克服困难和障碍而）获得成功
If you break through, you achieve success even though there are difficulties and obstacles.
双语例句
例：There is still scope for new writers to break through.
新作家们还有取得成功的机会。
break up
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 分裂
When something breaks up or when you break it up, it separates or is divided into several smaller parts.
双语例句
例：Civil war could come if the country breaks up.
如果国家分裂,内战就会来临。
例：Break up the chocolate and melt it.
把巧克力弄碎,使其融化。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 分手
If you break up with your boyfriend, girlfriend, husband, or wife, your relationship with that person ends.
近义词
split up
双语例句
例：My girlfriend has broken up with me.
我的女友已和我分手了。
例：He felt appalled by the idea of marriage so we broke up.
他恨透了结婚的念头,所以我们分手了。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] （婚姻、恋爱关系）破裂
If a marriage or romantic relationship breaks up or if someone breaks it up, it ends and the partners separate.
双语例句
例：His first marriage broke up.
他的第一次婚姻破裂了。
4. [PHRASAL 短语] （会议、聚会）解散
When a meeting or gathering breaks up or when someone breaks it up, it is brought to an end and the people involved in it leave.
近义词
双语例句
例：A neighbour asked for the music to be turned down and the party broke up.
一位邻居要求调小音乐,聚会便散了。
例：Police used tear gas to break up a demonstration.
警察使用了催泪瓦斯来驱散示威人群。
PHRASAL VERB. 短语动词
breaks , breaking , broke , broken
1. [I 不及物动词] 打碎 , 破碎
When an object breaks or when you break it, it suddenly separates into two or more pieces, often because it has been hit or dropped.
双语例句
例：He fell through the window, breaking the glass.
他打破玻璃，从窗口摔了出去。
例：The plate broke.
盘子碎了。
例：The plane broke into three pieces.
那架飞机碎成了3块。
2. [I 不及物动词] 弄折（骨头） , 骨折
If you break a part of your body such as your leg, your arm, or your nose, or if a bone breaks, you are injured because a bone cracks or splits.
双语例句
例：She broke a leg in a skiing accident.
她在一次滑雪事故中摔断了一条腿。
例：Old bones break easily.
老骨头容易骨折。
3. [I 不及物动词] 拆裂 , 开裂
If a surface, cover, or seal breaks or if something breaks it, a hole or tear is made in it, so that a substance can pass through.
双语例句
例：Once you've broken the seal of a bottle there's no way you can put it back together again.
一旦你撕开瓶子的封口,就没法将它重新合上。
例：The bandage must be put on when the blister breaks.
水疱破口后必须包扎上绷带。
4. [I 不及物动词] 损坏
When a tool or piece of machinery breaks or when you break it, it is damaged and no longer works.
双语例句
例：When the clutch broke, the car was locked into second gear.
离合器损坏了后,那辆轿车被锁在了二档。
5. [T 及物动词] 结束 , 打破（困难或不快的情形）
If someone breaks something, especially a difficult or unpleasant situation that has existed for some time, they end it or change it.
双语例句
例：We need to break the vicious cycle of violence and counterviolence.
我们需要结束暴力和反暴力的恶性循环。
例：New proposals have been put forward to break the deadlock among rival factions.
新的提议已被提出来以打破对立派之间的僵局。
6. [T 及物动词] 打破（沉默）
If someone or something breaks a silence, they say something or make a noise after a long period of silence.
双语例句
例：Hugh broke the silence. 'Is she always late?' he asked.
休打破了沉默，他问：“她总是迟到吗？”
7. [I 不及物动词] 断绝（关系） , 打破（传统）
If you break with a group of people or a traditional way of doing things, or you break your connection with them, you stop being involved with that group or stop doing things in that way.
双语例句
例：In 1959, Akihito broke with imperial tradition by marrying a commoner.
1959年,明仁天皇打破皇室传统,与一个平民结了婚。
例：They were determined to break from precedent.
他们决心打破先例。
8. [T 及物动词] 戒除（习惯）
If you break a habit or if someone breaks you of it, you no longer have that habit.
双语例句
例：If you continue to smoke, keep trying to break the habit.
如果你还在抽烟，那就继续尝试戒掉这一习惯吧。
9. [I 不及物动词] （短暂）休息
If someone breaks for a short period of time, they rest or change from what they are doing for a short period.
双语例句
例：They broke for lunch.
他们停下来吃午饭。
10. [T 及物动词] （旅行中）使歇脚
If you break your journey somewhere, you stop there for a short time so that you can have a rest.
双语例句
例：We broke our journey at a small country hotel.
我们在一家小乡村旅店歇了歇脚。
11. [T 及物动词] 违反
If you break a rule, promise, or agreement, you do something that you should not do according to that rule, promise, or agreement.
双语例句
例：We didn't know we were breaking the law.
我们那时不知道我们在做违法的事。
例：The company has consistently denied it had knowingly broken arms embargoes.
该公司始终否认故意违反了武器禁运规定。
12. [I 不及物动词] 挣脱
If you break free or loose, you free yourself from something or escape from it.
双语例句
例：She broke free by thrusting her elbow into his chest.
她用胳膊肘猛杵他的胸部挣脱了开来。
13. [T 及物动词] 减弱（打击、坠落等的力度）
To break the force of something such as a blow or fall means to weaken its effect, for example, by getting in the way of it.
双语例句
例：He sustained serious neck injuries after he broke someone's fall.
他被坠落的人砸中之后受了严重颈伤。
14. [I 不及物动词] （消息）传开
When a piece of news breaks, people hear about it from the newspapers, television, or radio.
双语例句
例：The news broke that Montgomery was under investigation.
消息传出说蒙哥马利在受到调查。
15. [T 及物动词] （常指善意地）说出（不好的消息）
When you break a piece of bad news to someone, you tell it to them, usually in a kind way.
双语例句
例：Then Louise broke the news that she was leaving me.
之后路易丝说出了她要离开我的消息。
16. [T 及物动词] 打破（记录）
If you break a record, you beat the previous record for a particular achievement.
双语例句
例：Carl Lewis has broken the world record in the 100 metres.
卡尔·刘易斯打破了百米赛跑的世界纪录。
17. [I 不及物动词] 破晓
When day or dawn breaks, it starts to grow light after the night has ended.
双语例句
例：They continued the search as dawn broke.
他们在天亮之后继续搜寻。
18. [I 不及物动词] （波浪）落下
When a wave breaks, it passes its highest point and turns downward, for example, when it reaches the shore.
双语例句
例：Danny listened to the waves breaking against the shore.
丹尼听着波浪拍岸的声音。
19. [T 及物动词] 破解（密码）
If you break a secret code, you work out how to understand it.
近义词
双语例句
例：It was feared they could break the Allies' codes.
只怕他们能破解盟军的密码。
20. [I 不及物动词] （嗓音因悲伤、害怕等而）变调
If someone's voice breaks when they are speaking, it changes its sound, for example, because they are sad or afraid.
双语例句
例：Godfrey's voice broke, and halted.
戈弗雷的嗓音变了调,然后停了下来。
21. [I 不及物动词] （男孩）变声
When a boy's voice breaks, it becomes deeper and sounds more like a man's voice.
双语例句
例：He sings with the strained discomfort of someone whose voice hasn't quite broken.
他紧张地唱着，嗓音像个还未完全变声的人。
22. [I 不及物动词] （天气）突变 , （暴风雨）骤起
If the weather breaks or a storm breaks, it suddenly becomes rainy or stormy after a period of sunshine.
双语例句
例：I've been waiting for the weather to break.
我一直在等待下雨。
VERB. 动词
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