雅思口语题目解析第102期：A foreign country/Travel

　　3. What effects will tourism have on our environment?

　　旅游业对我们的环境有什么影响，这道题可以有两个方面的答案，第一是正面的影响，第二是负面的影响。

　　如果是正面的影响的话，首先是对经济环境的促进作用，因为旅游业发展可以创造更多的工作岗位create jobs，through direct employment within the tourism industry，也可以带动小企业和小公司的发展provide opportunities for small-scale business enterprise，能够增加税收generate extra tax revenues，从而boost the economy促进经济的发展;其次是对local community当地社区的好处，比如基础设施的改进improvement to infrastructure，娱乐便利设施的改进improvement to new leisure amenities;另外对自然环境也是有好处的，例如可以修建更多的野生动物保护区来吸引游客，同时也帮助保护了野生动物help promote conservation of wildlife and natural resource，有时候旅游业还可以促使政府修建公园或者海洋公园parks/sea parks，对自然很有利benefit nature and ecotourism;

　　所以如果答案是正面影响的话可以这样来回答：

　　I think tourism actually has positive effect on economic environment. Tourism creates jobs, both through direct employment within the tourism industry and indirectly in sectors such as retail and transportation. The tourism industry also provides opportunities for small-scale business enterprises, which is especially important in rural communities, and generates extra tax revenues, such as airport and hotel taxes, which can be used for schools, housing and hospitals. In addition, the improvements to infrastructure and new leisure amenities that result from tourism also benefit the local community. Thirdly, tourism helps promote conservation of wildlife and natural resources such as rain forests, as these are now regarded as tourism assets. So in my opinion, tourism definitely boosts the development of the country.

　　这道题可以回答负面影响，这里的负面影响也可以从上面提到的几个大方向入手：首先，从经济环境上来看，tourism创造的工作可能只是seasonal季节性的或者甚至poorly paid收入很少的，所以并不一定可以提高居民的收入，同时旅游业可能带高当地房价push up local property prices and the cost of goods and services，同时可能带高其他服务和产品的价格，这对当地人是不公平的unfair，可能会影响他们的生活质量，同时过分依赖旅游业的话经济会不稳定，容易受到terrorism恐怖主义，natural disaster自然灾害等等的影响;其次，游客太多可能会带来很多社会环境问题，例如crowding/congestion堵车和拥堵，drugs/alcohol problems酒精和毒品问题，prostitution涉黄产业，increased crime levels/crime rates犯罪率，除此之外也会带来环境污染问题，例如littering乱扔垃圾，air pollution through traffic emission交通带来的空气污染，noise pollution噪音污染等等。

　　负面影响可以这样来回答：

　　Tourism does have negative influence on natural environment. Firstly, tourism causes increased pollution through traffic emissions, littering, increased sewage production and noise. Visitor can also bring crowding and congestion, drugs and alcohol problems, prostitution and increased crime levels. Besides, it also can cause negative impact on economic environment. For instance, jobs created by tourism are often seasonal and poorly paid; yet tourism can push up local property prices and the cost of goods and services. Destinations dependent on tourism can be adversely affected by events such as terrorism, natural disasters and economic recession.

　　4. Why do people like to travel abroad?

　　为什么人们喜欢出国旅游，这道题目和第一个问题有一些类似，不过不再是问中国人的情况，而是问所有的人，所以思路首先还是关于可以遇到不同的人，和不同的人交流interact with different people, 这些人可能有不同的国籍nationalities, 文化cultures，宗教religion，可以交换thoughts/ideas，从而learn cultures first-hand接受有关文化的第一手资料，也可以experience cultural differences firsthand;其次可以练习使用一门新的语言practice or learn a new language，可以和native speakers一起练习，use that language on a regular basis，而不是只会写或者读，可以真正地掌握这门语言的使用;还有最重要的是可以explore the world，体验更多的adventure，可以做那些在自己的国家不会做的事do things you wouldn’t normally do at home，例如extreme sports，cycle across the continent，能够给自己创造难忘的经历create a unique memory等等。

　　示范答案：

　　There are a lot of reasons why people enjoy travel abroad. Firstly, I truly believe that people can have so much to learn from people belonging to different nationalities, cultures and religions, and nothing compares to the feeling of establishing friendships across borders. Furthermore, it is wonderful to travel to a certain country and already know someone there who you can visit and who can show you around like a local. Besides, many people also go for new experience. They are likely to do things they wouldn’t normally do at home, creating a unique memory in their life.