back
[ADJ, ADV, NOUN, VERB]
1. 后面的 , 后部的
Back is used to refer to the side or part of something that is towards the rear or farthest from the front.
双语例句
例：He opened the back door.
他打开了后门。
例：Ann could remember sitting in the back seat of their car.
安能记得曾坐在他们车子的后座上。
ADJ. 形容词
1. 向后
If you move back, you move in the opposite direction to the one in which you are facing or in which you were moving before.
双语例句
例：She stepped back from the door expectantly.
她满怀期待地从门口退了回来。
例：He pushed her away and she fell back on the wooden bench.
他把她推开，于是她向后跌坐在长木椅上。
2. 回到原处
If you go back somewhere, you return to where you were before.
双语例句
例：I went back to bed.
我回到床上。
例：I'll be back as soon as I can.
我会尽快回来。
3. 恢复原状
If someone or something is back in a particular state, they were in that state before and are now in it again.
双语例句
例：The rail company said it expected services to get slowly back to normal.
铁路公司称，运输服务会慢慢恢复正常。
4. （放、取）回
If you give or put something back, you return it to the person who had it or to the place where it was before you took it. If you get or take something back, you then have it again after not having it for a while.
双语例句
例：She handed the knife back.
她把刀递了回去。
例：Put it back in the freezer.
把它放回冰箱里。
5. （将钟、表等拨）回
If you put a clock or watch back, you change the time shown on it so that it shows an earlier time, for example, when the time changes to standard time.
双语例句
例：The clocks go back at 2 o'clock tomorrow morning.
明天早上钟又会回到2点。
6. 作为回复 , 往回（望）
If you write or call back, you write to or telephone someone after they have written to or telephoned you. If you look back at someone, you look at them after they have started looking at you.
双语例句
例：They wrote back to me and told me I didn't have to do it.
他们给我回信告诉我不必做它。
例：If the phone rings, say you'll call back after dinner.
如果有电话，就说你晚饭后打回去。
7. 回到（先前谈论的地方）
You can say that you go or come back to a particular point in a conversation to show that you are mentioning or discussing it again.
双语例句
例：Can I come back to the question of policing once again?
我能回过头来再说说治安问题吗？
8. 再度流行
If something is or comes back, it is fashionable again after it has been unfashionable for some time.
双语例句
例：Short skirts are back.
短裙又流行起来了。
9. 在一段距离之外
If someone or something is kept or situated back from a place, they are at a distance away from it.
双语例句
例：Keep back from the edge of the platform.
请勿靠近站台边缘。
例：I'm a few miles back from the border.
我离边境有几英里远。
10. 收拢地
If something is held or tied back, it is held or tied so that it does not hang loosely over something.
双语例句
例：The curtains were held back by tassels.
窗帘用流苏扎了起来。
11. 后仰地 , 后靠地
If you lie or sit back, you move your body backwards into a relaxed sloping or flat position, with your head and body resting on something.
双语例句
例：She lay back and stared at the ceiling.
她躺下来，盯着天花板。
12. 回头向后（看或喊）
If you look or shout back at someone or something, you turn to look or shout at them when they are behind you.
双语例句
例：Nick looked back over his shoulder and then stopped, frowning.
尼克扭过头朝后看，然后皱着眉头停了下来。
13. 在（某地）（表示描述场所得转换）
You use back in expressions like back in Chicago or back at the house when you are giving an account, to show that you are going to start talking about what happened or was happening in the place you mention.
双语例句
例：Meanwhile, back in Everett, Marc Fulmer is busy raising money to help get the project off the ground.
此时在埃弗里特，马克·富尔默正忙着筹资启动该项目。
14. 早在
If you talk about something that happened back in the past or several years back, you are emphasizing that it happened quite a long time ago.
双语例句
例：The story starts back in 1950, when I was five.
这件事始于1950年，当时我5岁。
15. 回（想）
If you think back to something that happened in the past, you remember it or try to remember it.
双语例句
例：I thought back to the time in 1975 when my son was desperately ill.
我回想起1975年的时候，当时我儿子病得很重。
ADV. 副词
backs
1. [C 可数名词] 背部
A person's or animal's back is the part of their body between their head and their legs that is on the opposite side to their chest and stomach.
双语例句
例：Her son was lying peacefully on his back.
她儿子正安静地仰面躺着。
例：She turned her back to the audience.
她转过身背对观众。
2. [C 可数名词] 后面 , 后部
The back of something is the side or part of it that is towards the rear or farthest from the front. The back of something is normally not used or seen as much as the front.
双语例句
例：a room at the back of the shop.
商店后部的一个房间。
例：She raised her hands to the back of her neck.
她举起双手放到颈后。
3. [C 可数名词] 靠背
The back of a chair or sofa is the part that you lean against when you sit on it.
双语例句
例：There was a pink sweater on the back of the chair.
椅背上有一件粉色毛衫。
4. [C 可数名词] （纸、信封等的）背面
The back of something such as a piece of paper or an envelope is the side that is less important.
双语例句
例：Send your answers on the back of a postcard or sealed, empty envelope.
把你的答案写在明信片或封好的空信封背面寄来。
5. [C 可数名词] （书的）末尾
The back of a book is the part nearest the end, where you can find the index or the notes, for example.
双语例句
例：The index at the back of the book lists both brand and generic names.
书后的索引把商标名和通用名都列了出来。
NOUN. 名词
back away
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 放弃
If you back away from a commitment that you made or something that you were involved with in the past, you try to show that you are no longer committed to it or involved with it.
近义词
双语例句
例：The company backed away from plans to cut their pay by 15.
该公司放弃了对他们减薪15的方案。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] （因害怕而）后退 , 退缩
If you back away, you walk backwards away from someone or something, often because you are frightened of them.
双语例句
例：James got to his feet and started to come over, but the girls hastily backed away.
詹姆斯站起身走了过来，但女孩子们却慌忙后退。
back down
1. [PHRASAL 短语] （因他人反对而）放弃
If you back down, you withdraw a claim, demand, or commitment that you made earlier, because other people are strongly opposed to it.
双语例句
例：It's too late to back down now.
现在打退堂鼓为时已晚。
back off
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 避开（问题或争斗）
If you back off, you move away in order to avoid problems or a fight.
双语例句
例：They backed off in horror.
他们吓得躲开了。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 撤回（原来的主张、要求、承诺）
If you back off from a claim, demand, or commitment that you made earlier, or if you back off it, you withdraw it.
双语例句
例：A spokesman says the president has backed off from his threat to boycott the conference.
一位发言人说，总统已经撤回了他抵制这次会谈的威胁。
back out
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 退出 , 变卦
If you back out, or if you back out of something, you decide not to do something that you previously agreed to do.
近义词
pull out
双语例句
例：The Hungarians backed out of the project in 1989 on environmental grounds.
匈牙利人在1989年以环境问题为由退出了该项目。
back up
1. [PHRASAL 短语] 证实
If someone or something backs up a statement, they supply evidence to suggest that it is true.
近义词
support
双语例句
例：Radio signals received from the galaxy's centre back up the black hole theory.
从该星系中心接收到的无线电信号证实了黑洞理论。
2. [PHRASAL 短语] 备份
If you back up a computer file, you make a copy of it that you can use if the original file is damaged or lost.
双语例句
例：Make a point of backing up your files at regular intervals.
要特别注意定期备份你的文档。
3. [PHRASAL 短语] （以行动）支持
If an idea or intention is backed up by action, action is taken to support or confirm it.
双语例句
例：The secretary general says the declaration must now be backed up by concrete and effective actions.
秘书长说现在必须以具体有效的行动来支持这个宣言。
4. [PHRASAL 短语] 支持（某人）
If you back someone up, you show your support for them.
近义词
双语例句
例：His employers backed him up.
他的雇主们支持了他。
5. [PHRASAL 短语] 证实…的话
If you back someone up, you help them by confirming that what they are saying is true.
双语例句
例：The girl denied being there, and the man backed her up.
这个女孩否认去过那儿，并且这位男子证实了她的话。
6. [PHRASAL 短语] 倒车
If you back up, the car or other vehicle that you are driving moves back a short distance.
近义词
双语例句
例：Back up, Hans.
倒车，汉斯。
7. [PHRASAL 短语] 后退（一小段距离）
If you back up, you move backwards a short distance.
双语例句
例：I backed up carefully until I felt the wall against my back.
我小心翼翼地后退了几步，直到感觉到后背贴上了墙。
PHRASAL VERB. 短语动词
back and forth
1. 来回地
If someone moves back and forth, they repeatedly move in one direction and then in the opposite direction.
双语例句
例：He paced back and forth.
他来回踱步。
do something behind someone's back
1. 背地里
If you say that something was done behind someone's back, you disapprove of it because it was done without them knowing about it, in an unfair or dishonest way.
双语例句
例：You eat her food, enjoy her hospitality and then criticize her behind her back.
你吃着她做的饭，享受着她的热情款待，然后却在背地里指责她。
back to back
1. 接连地 , 相继地
If two or more things are done back to back, one follows immediately after the other without any interruption.
双语例句
例：two half-hour shows, which will be screened back to back.
连续播放的两场半小时的表演。
back to front
1. （衣服）穿反 , （做事）首尾颠倒
If you are wearing something back to front, you are wearing it with the back of it at the front of your body. If you do something back to front, you do it the wrong way around, starting with the part that should come last.
近义词
PHRASE. 习语
backs , backing , backed
1. [I 不及物动词] （指建筑物）背朝 , 背靠
If a building backs onto something, the back of it faces in the direction of that thing or touches the edge of that thing.
双语例句
例：He lives in a loft that backs onto Friedman's Bar.
他住在一间背朝弗里德曼酒吧的阁楼里。
2. [I 不及物动词] 倒（车） , （车）倒退
When you back a car or other vehicle somewhere or when it backs somewhere, it moves backwards.
近义词
reverse
双语例句
例：He backed his car out of the drive.
他把车倒出车道。
3. [T 及物动词] 支持
If you back a person or a course of action, you support them, for example, by voting for them or giving them money.
近义词
support
双语例句
例：His defence says it has found a new witness to back his claim that he is a victim of mistaken identity.
他辩称已经找到一位新的证人来证实他是被弄错身份的受害者。
4. [T 及物动词] 下赌注于
If you back a particular person, team, or horse in a competition, you predict that they will win, and usually you bet money that they will win.
双语例句
例：She backed the Detroit Lions to beat the Chicago Bears by at least 20-10.
她下注赌底特律狮队至少会以20比10击败芝加哥熊队。
5. [T 及物动词] 为…伴奏 , 为…伴唱
If a singer is backed by a band or by other singers, they provide the musical background for the singer.
双语例句
例：She chose to be backed by a classy trio of acoustic guitar, bass and congas.
她选择用原声吉他、贝斯吉他和康加鼓组成的经典三重奏为自己伴奏。
VERB. 动词
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