深度剖析雅思阅读填空题

　　真题模拟一：

　　PAPER RECYCLING

　　Paper is different from other waste produce because it comes from a sustainable resource: trees. Unlike the minerals and oil used to make plastics and metals, trees are replaceable. Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations. By world standards this is a good performance since the world-wide average is 33 per cent waste paper. Governments have encouraged waste paper collection and sorting schemes and at the same time, the paper industry has responded by developing new recycling technologies that have paved the way for even greater utilization of used fibre. As a result, industry’s use of recycled fibres is expected to increase at twice the rate of virgin fibre over the coming years.

　　Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. To achieve the benefits of recycling, the community must also contribute. We need to accept a change in the quality of paper products; for example stationery may be less white and of a rougher texture. There also needs to be support from the community for waste paper collection programs. Not only do we need to make the paper available to collectors but it also needs to be separated into different types and sorted from contaminants such as staples, paperclips, string and other miscellaneous items.

　　Questions 30-36

　　Complete the summary below of the first two paragraphs of the Reading Passage. Choose ONE OR TWO WORDS from the Reading Passage for each answer.

　　In that firstly it comes from a resource which is ... (1) ... and secondly it is less threatening to our environment when we throw it away because it is ... (2) ... Although Australia’s record in the re-use of waste paper is good, it is still necessary to use a combination of recycled fibre and ... (3) .. to make new paper. The paper industry has contributed positively and people have also been encouraged by ... (4) ...to collect their waste on a regular basis. One major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but ... (5) ... are being made in this area. However, we need to learn to accept paper which is generally of a lower ... (6) ... than before and to sort our waste paper by removing .. (7) .. before discarding it for collection.

　　“出题点”分析：

　　Q1涉及到“定语从句”和“单复数”;Q2涉及到“因果关系”;Q3涉及到“并列关系”和“动词”;Q4涉及到“动词”;Q5涉及到“单复数”和“感情色彩”;Q6涉及到“单复数”和“定语从句”;Q7涉及到“动词”和“感情色彩”

　　解析：对于Q1，其在定语从句中，则到原文去找前面的先行词resource，在文章中“sustainable resource: trees”，答案为sustainable 。“trees”为复数名词，语法不搭配。对于Q2，其在原因从句中，则原文回去找“因果关系”的词，根据定位词environment，可以定位于原文第三句“Paper is also biodegradable, so it does not pose as much threat to the environment when it is discarded. ”，然后找到因果关系词so，原因在so之前，答案为biodegradable。对于Q3，首先根据空的左边and，能确定答案与recycled fibre并列，则到原文去找其原词或同义词;根据右边的动词make,则该空是用来制作纸的。根据该题的定位词Austria，定位在“While 45 out of every 100 tonnes of wood fibre used to make paper in Australia comes from waste paper, the rest comes directly from virgin fibre from forests and plantations”，根据语法法则，该句为”一个从句+一个主句”的形式，也就是说有两个主语45%wood fibre 和the rest(55%wood fibre) ，两个宾语(waste paper 和virgin fibre),然后在这四个词中找recycled fibre的原词，发现其同义词waste paper,原文中virgin fire 与之并列，则答案为virgin fibre.通过右边make检验，的确原文是waste paper 和virgin fibre去制作纸。对于Q4，题目被被动语态结构，则by后为encourage的逻辑主语，则到原文中午找encourage这个词或同义词，原文中“Governments have encouraged...”,则答案为government。对于Q5，根据右边的are,则该答案为复数，再根据定位词removal of ink ,答案定位于原文第二段第一句”Already, waste paper constitutes 70% of paper used for packaging and advances in the technology required to remove ink from the paper have allowed a higher recycled content in newsprint and writing paper. “，再根据语法法则，我知道原文由两个单句组合而成，主语和宾语分别为：waste paper ，70% of paper，advances, recycled content 。根据 ”单复数原则“，答案为advances.(另：该题也可以通过”感情色彩“来做，根据题目中”One major difficulty is the removal of ink from used paper but ... (5) ... are being made in this area“的difficulty,我们知道but之前的句子是表示

　　”不好的“，则but 后面是 ”好的“感情色彩，所以原文的主语和宾语中：waste paper ，70% of paper，advances, recycled content，只有advances是”好的“感情色彩。

　　对于Q6，其在定语从句中，修饰paper，其次该空填单数名词

　　四.填空题4大“出题点”：(带词库)

　　1.个别乱序(剑7Test3Q7-13;剑8Test2Q19-22/Test3Q7-10)

　　2.词性分析：名词，副词，动词，介词(despite)

　　3.会出现同意转换(个别,如剑6T2Q14-22)

　　4.上下句逻辑关系(转折，递进,如：剑5T4Q23)

　　5.可以通过词库定位，尤其是词库中的名词(剑8Test2Q18/19)

　　真题模拟二：

　　They tried to ... (1) ... burning logs or charcoal ... (2) ... that they could create fire themselves. It is suspected that the first man-made flames were produced by ... (3) ...

　　The very first fire-lighting methods involved the creation of ... (4) ... by, for example, rapidly ... (5) ... a wooden stick in a round hole. The use of ... (6) ...or persistent chipping was also widespread in Europe and among other peoples such as the Chinese and ... (7) ... . European practice of this method continued until the 1850s ... (8) ... the discovery of phosphorus some years earlier.

　　List of Words

　　Mexicans random rotating

　　despite preserve realising

　　sunlight lacking heavenly

　　percussion chance friction

　　unaware without make

　　heating Eskimos surprised

　　until smoke

　　解析：该题型可以通过分析空缺处所填单词的词性来做题，如Q1为动词原形，则选型中我们能得出3个动词：preserve，smoke, make然后根据“burning logs or charcoal”在原文定位找到动词stored，所以答案为preserve。而其他解题技巧和之前的无词库填空的方法技巧类似。

　　注意的是，带词库的summary有时会乱序，如剑7T3Q7-13;剑8T2Q19-22/T3Q7-10，在这种情况下，考生可以通过词库中的名词来定位，因为带词库的填空题，名词尤其是实名词是绝对的原词，也就是说在原文绝对能定位(常见被替换的是形容词和动词)，如剑桥剑8Test2Q19-22中的Q18/19两题，其为并列关系的两个名词，那么我们根据词库中的名词定位就能找到答案，ice cores 和tree rings.同理,剑8Test3Q7-10中的Q9，填的也是名词，那么就在词库中去找名词，就在原文中找到rockets.

　　所以，考生只需记住这几个出题点，雅思填空题全对便不是问题了。

　　【参考文献】

　　[1] 剑桥雅思真题系列(5-9)